Wireless telegraphy.



No. 781,873. PATENTED FEB. 7, 1905.

P. B. DELANY.

WIRELESS TELBGRAPHY.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 10. 1903.

mun- T UNTTED STATES Patented February '7, 1905.

PATENT Orrica WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 781,873, dated February'7, 1905.

Application filed July 10,1903. Serial No. 164,998.

To (1N 7071mm it may con/c7714 lle it known that I, PATRICK B. DELANY, acitizen of the United States, residing at South Orange, county of Essex,State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin ll'ireless Tlelegraphy, of which the following is a specification.

r I n I o l The ob ect of this invention 1s to make more certain,delinite, and distinct the manifestation of received signals in wirelesstelegraphy.

To this end the invention comprises an organization wherein when theprimary-receiver or variable-resistance device subject to received wavesor impulses has acted to control or vary a local circuit, and therebycause the actuation of a relay or electromagnetic secondary receiver,the winding of the latter device is cut out or shunted from normal localcircuit, so that its movable part or armaturelever is entirely free toreturn to its normal position. Such an organization permits of a lowertensional adjustment, and consequently a more sensitive or delicateadjustment of the relay-armature lever, and obviates certain sources ofimperfection of reception ordinarily encountered in wireless telegraphyas now in practice, due more or less to unequal behavior of the primaryor variable-resistance receiver device, and to the necessity formaintaining a comparatively strong retractile bias on the armature topull it to its open position against the lingering attractions remainingin the relay after a signal has been received.

The shunting of the winding of the relay from its normal local circuitmay be accomplished at the armature-lever of the deco herer-magnet orthe armature-lever of another electromagnetic devicein circuit with thedecoherer-magnet. The relay may be the linal receiver from which thesignals are to be read by sound, or it may control directly orindirectly a second relay or electromagnet, which in turn controls alocal circuit containing a iinal receiver or relay for retransmissioninto another circuit.

\Vith a system such as that above indicated the relay may be made torespond accurately to each of the several impulses making up a signalwave or impulse and representing either a dot or a dash, and theinvention further comprises a means whereby such separate dis tinctimpulses of a group or series representing a dot or a dash and thecorrespoinling movements of the armature-lever of the relay may bereproduced by an appropriate rccorder in the formof a solid line or markrcpresenting either a dot or dash, as the case may be.

This invention, as illustrated. employs a coherer or primary-receiverdevice in which the resistance is lowered on the passage of a signalwave or impulse; but the invention is not restricted to the employmentof a primary-receiver device of this character.

In the accompanying drawings, liigure 1 is a diagrammatic viewillustrating one arrangement or embodiment of the invention. Fig. 2shows a modilied organization, and Fig. 3 shows a section ofreceiving-tape with the dots and dashes recorded thereon.

On the passage of an electromagnetic wave or impulse through the coherera, lowering resistance of the circuit containing the relay 1), thearmature (1 thereof is attracted to its front stop (I. The circuit. ofrelay 1) is provided with the usual choke-coils I} w and withresistances f f", respectively, on opposite sides of the local battery\Vhen the armature-lever comes against its front stop (7, the circuit/1. containing the local battery la and including the coil of the tapperor decoherer-magnet is completed and thearmature-lever A of the lattermagnet, which carries the coherer, is attracted. Normally or when thearmature-lever A is against its back or upper stop a shunt-circuit 1/around the resistance 1*" is closed, and therefore when thearmature-lever Z leaves its back stop I this resistance is let into thelocal circuit of the relay b, and when the armature-lever fi' reachesits front or lower stop 0 a shunt-circuit 1) around the coil of therelay 7) is closed. The letting in to this local circuit of theresistance compensates for shunting the winding of the relay out of thecircuit, thereby maintaining the normal resistance of this circuit,resistance of the relay-wimling and of f being equal, or substantiallyso.

The winding of relay 6 being shunted from the local circuit, thearmature 0 is no longer attracted and returns readily under theinfluence of its retractile spring to normal position. At the sameperiod the local circuit 72 being opened at the contact (Zarmature-lever Z. is permitted to return to its back stop, andresistance f is cut out of the local relay-circuit. Obviously with thisarrangement the retractile spring of the relay 6 may be very delicatelyadjusted and still be suflicient to promptly return the armature-leverto its backward position whenever the winding of the relay is shuntedfrom the circuit that is, whenever the armature-lever of the tapper ordecoherer-magnet passes to its front stop 0. Under such conditions thearmature of relay 5 is attracted by a very slight increase of currentthrough the coherer and is therefore extremely sensitive.

In the organization illustrated in Fig. 2 an electromagnet is connectedin parallel with the tapper-magnet An insulated contactfinger 7' on theend of the armature-lever oz. of this magnet plays between contact-stopsr r, the former of which is connected with the local circuit of therelay between the chokecoil E and resistance f and the latter with oneside of the winding of the relay 6, while the insulatedcontact-fingerjis connected with the local circuit of the relay betweenthe resistance fand the relay, or, in other words, with the other sideof therelay-winding. It is apparent that the operations described inconnection with Fig. 1 occur. One advantage of this arrangement is thatan independent adjustment of the armature-lever of the tapper isafforded as well as an independent ad justment of the conditionscontrolling the circuit connections of the relay 6 and resistance f. Inthis Way the opening of the shunt around the resistance f and thecompletion of the shunt around the relay 7) may be made relative to themovementof the tapper armature-lever, it being thought desirable thatthe apparatus should be so adjusted that the movement of the lever awill be somewhat slower than that of the tapper-magnet. Thearmature-lever 72. plays between stops 3 t, and thereby, when attractedand retracted,closes and opens a local circuit a, containing a localbattery 7) and having connected with its terminals the styluses 20 :0 ofa chemical recorder, of which 9 is the drum or surface over which thechemicallyprepared receiving-tape 2 passes. The capacity of this localcircuit is increased by placing a condenser 2 in a bridge connectionbetween the two sides of the circuit. The capacity so artificially addedto the local recordercircuit may be such that the individual dotscomposing a dash will, because of tailing of the current, be representedas a continuous or solid line. This is indicated in Fig. 3, which showsa section of a tape .2 containing a dash, a dot, a dash and a dot. Eachdash is supinstance, assuming the grouping of the impulses to be asindicated in Fig. 3, there would be four vibrations of the armature ofthe relay during the reception of a dash and two during the reception ofa dot, and, as stated, such vibration would be maintained with uniformrate or with substantial uniform regularity regardless of variations ofconditions in the coherer that would ordinarily prevent or impair theregularity of responsive movement of the relay-armature.

I claim as my invention I 1. In wireless telegraphy, the combinationwith a primary-receiver device and relay controlled thereby, of meansfor shunting the relay-winding each time that its armature-lever movesfrom normal to signaling position.

2. In wireless telegraphy, the combination with the primary-receiverdeviceand relay controlled thereby, of an instrument in a local circuitcontrolled by the relay and a shunt around the relay closed by saidinstrument each time the armature-lever of the relay is moved from itsnormal or inactive position.

3. In wireless telegraphy, the combination with the primary-receiver andrelay controlled thereby, of a resistance substantially equivalent tothat of the relay-winding and means for introducing such resistance intothe local circuit of the relay and cutting out the winding of the relayeach time the relay-armature lever is moved from its normal or inactiveposition.

4. In wireless telegraphy, the combination of the coherer, the relay andits circuit, the tapper-magnet whose circuit is controlled by the relay,a second magnet whose circuit is also controlled by the relay and means,under the control of the second magnet, whereby the winding of the relayis shunted from its circuit each time that the relay-armature lever ismoved from its normal or retractive position.

5. In wireless telegraphy, the combination of the coherer, the relay andits circuit, the tapper-magnet whose circuit is controlled by the relay,a second magnet whose circuit is also controlled by the relay, means,under the control of the second magnet, whereby the winding of the relayis shunted from its circuit each time the relay-armature lever is movedfrom its normal or retractive position and a local circuit containing areceiver and also controlled by said second magnet.

6. In wireless telegraphy, the combination of the primary-receiverdevice, a receiving-relay controlled thereby, a resistance substantiallyequal to the winding of the relay, the tapper-magnet whose circuit iscontrolled by the relay, a second magnet whose circuit is alsocontrolled by the relay and means whereby, on the energization of thelatter magnet. the said resistance is introduced into the local circuitof and the winding of the relay cutout from the local relay-circuit.

7. In wireless telegraphy, the combination of the primary-receiverdevice, a receiving-relay controlled thereby, a resistance substantiallyequal to the winding of the relay, the tapper-imignct whose circuit iscontrolled by the relay, a second magnet whose circuit is alsocontrolled by the relay, means whereby on the encrgization of the lattermagnet, the said resistance is introduced into the local circuit of, andthe winding of the relay cut out from the local relay-circuit, and alocal circuit containing a receiver also controlled by said secondmagnet.

S. In wireless telegraphy in which a signal wave or impulse representinga dot or a dash is composed of two or more oscillations or impulses, thecombination of the primary-receiver device ati'ected by suchsignal-wave, a

relay in the local circuit of and controlled by said device and localmeans for automatically causing the vibration of the relay-armature oncefor each oscillation or impulse of a group representing a dot or dash.

9. In wireless telegraphy in which a signal wave or impulse representinga dot or adash is composed of two or more oscillations or impulses, thecombination of the primary-receiver device ati'ected by suchsignal-wave, a

relay in the local circuit of and controlled by said device, local meansto r automatically causing the vibration of the relay-armature once foreach oscillation or impulse of a group representing a dot or dash and areceiver controlled by the relay for rendering manifest the dots anddashes so received.

10. In wireless telegraphy in which a signal wave or impulserepresenting a dot or a dash is composed of two or more oscillationsorimpulses, the combination of the primary-receiver device affected bysuch signal-wave, a relay in the local circuit of and controlled by saiddevice, local means for automatically causing the vibration of therelay-armature once for each oscillation or impulse of a grouprepresenting a dot or a dash, a local circuit controlled by the relayhaving artificially-added capacity and a receiver which, because of saidadded capacity, makes manifest as a continuous signal each group ofreceived impulses.

11. In wireless telegraphy in which a signal wave or impulserepresenting a dot or a dash is composed of two or more oscillations orimpulses, the combination of the primary-receiver device ati'ccted bysuch signal-wave, a relay in the local circuit of and controlled by saiddevice, local means for automatically causing the vibration of therelay-armature once for each oscillation or impulse of a grouprepresenting a dot or a dash, and a local circuit havingartificially-added capacity and including a chemical recorder.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

PAIRICK B. DELANY.

\Vitnesses:

\VILLIAu A. S'IAHLIN, LILLIE F. BROWNING.

